NETWORK TERMINOLOGIES-(Diffrent Types of Connection)
1. ADSL.
Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) is a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines. Thereby, a typical home land phone connection can be used for getting internet connection. It is done by utilizing frequencies that are not used by a voice telephone call. A splitter, or DSL filter, allows a single telephone connection to be used for both ADSL service and voice calls at the same time. ADSL can generally only be distributed over short distances from the telephone exchange, typically less than 4 km.
1. ADSL.
Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) is a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines. Thereby, a typical home land phone connection can be used for getting internet connection. It is done by utilizing frequencies that are not used by a voice telephone call. A splitter, or DSL filter, allows a single telephone connection to be used for both ADSL service and voice calls at the same time. ADSL can generally only be distributed over short distances from the telephone exchange, typically less than 4 km.
1. ADSL.
Asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) is a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines. Thereby, a typical home land phone connection can be used for getting internet connection. It is done by utilizing frequencies that are not used by a voice telephone call. A splitter, or DSL filter, allows a single telephone connection to be used for both ADSL service and voice calls at the same time. ADSL can generally only be distributed over short distances from the telephone exchange, typically less than 4 km.
3. Broadband.
A term for high-speed, high-capacity Internet and data connections. Many individual transmissions are multiplexed in broadband connection. Broadband is often called "high-speed" access to the Internet, because it usually has a high rate of data transmission. In general, any connection to the customer of 256 Kbit/s or greater is more concisely considered broadband Internet access.
4. WLAN.
A wireless local area network is a local area network (LAN) that doesn't rely on wired Ethernet connections. A WLAN can be either an extension to a current wired network or an alternative to it. WLANs have data transfer speeds ranging from 1 to 54Mbps, Because the wireless signal is broadcasted over air, so everybody nearby can share it, several security precautions are necessary to ensure only authorized users can access your WLAN.A WLAN signal can be broadcast to cover an area ranging in size from a small office to a large campus. Most commonly, a WLAN access point provides access within a radius of 65 to 300 feet.
14. Ethernet.
Ethernet is the most widely-installed local area network (LAN) technology. Specified in a standard, IEEE 802.3. The standards define several wiring and signaling variants. Fast Ethernet or 100BASE-T provides transmission speeds up to 100 megabits per second and is typically used for LAN backbone systems, supporting workstations with 10BASE-T cards. Gigabit Ethernet provides an even higher level of backbone support at 1Gbit/sec. Recent, 10-Gigabit Ethernet provides up to 10 GBit/sec.
4. WLAN.
A wireless local area network is a local area network (LAN) that doesn't rely on wired Ethernet connections. A WLAN can be either an extension to a current wired network or an alternative to it. WLANs have data transfer speeds ranging from 1 to 54Mbps, Because the wireless signal is broadcasted over air, so everybody nearby can share it, several security precautions are necessary to ensure only authorized users can access your WLAN.A WLAN signal can be broadcast to cover an area ranging in size from a small office to a large campus. Most commonly, a WLAN access point provides access within a radius of 65 to 300 feet.
14. Ethernet.
Ethernet is the most widely-installed local area network (LAN) technology. Specified in a standard, IEEE 802.3. The standards define several wiring and signaling variants. Fast Ethernet or 100BASE-T provides transmission speeds up to 100 megabits per second and is typically used for LAN backbone systems, supporting workstations with 10BASE-T cards. Gigabit Ethernet provides an even higher level of backbone support at 1Gbit/sec. Recent, 10-Gigabit Ethernet provides up to 10 GBit/sec.
2. Bandwidth
In computer networks, bandwidth is often used as a synonym for
data transfer rate - the amount of data that can be carried from one point to
another in a given time period (usually a second).Bandwidth is measured in
hertz (kHz or MHz) for analog transmission media, and in bits per second (kbps
or Mbps) for digital transmission media. Wider bandwidths can deliver more
information at the same time or send a given amount of data faster.
5. Browser.
An application program that helps user for visiting web pages
on the internet. Internet explorer, Mozilla Firefox. Google Chrome are few of
the popular browsers.
6. Client.
In computing, a computer or software that depends on another
computer-called a server for data, other programs, or the processing of data. Basically
a part of a client-server network. Clients rely on servers for resources, such
as files, devices, and even processing power.
9. Domain name.
Domain name is an identification string that defines a
authority of administrative independence, power, or control in the Internet.
Domain names are formed by the rules and procedures of the Domain Name System
(DNS).Basically domain names are used for web addresses. It is used by a server
computer hosting a web site, or the web site itself or any other service
communicated via the Internet. Few example of top level domain are
“.com”,”.net”,”.org”,”.bd” etc. The registration of these domain names is
usually administered by “domain name registrars” who sell their services to the
public.
10. Download. The term is often used to describe the process of copying a file
from an online service to one's own computer. Basically, download refers the
phenomenon of collecting information from internet and save it for future use.
The opposite word “upload” thereby refers the process of sending information
from own computer to the internet for other’s use.
11. Dynamic IP addressing.
An IP address is assigned to the computer for the current
session or some other specified amount of time. The IP address is leased for
given time by a DHCP server. Generally, a Dynamic IP changes every time the
computer is being restarted.
12. DHCP.
Dynamic
Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network configuration protocol for
hosts on Internet Protocol (IP) networks. Computers that are connected to IP
networks must be configured before they can communicate with each other. The
most essential information needed is an IP address, and a default route and
routing prefix. DHCP eliminates the manual task by a network administrator. It
also provides a central database of devices that are connected to the network
and eliminates duplicate resource assignments.
NETWORK TERMINOLOGIES-Lesson 2
13. Email.
A method of exchanging digital messages from a user to
one or more recipients. Modern email operates across the Internet or other
computer networks.
15. Firewall.
A firewall is a set of related programs, located at a
network gateway server that protects the resources of a private network from
users from other networks. Firewalls can be implemented in both hardware and
software, or a combination of both. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent
unauthorized Internet users from accessing private networks connected to the
Internet, especially intranets. All messages entering or
leaving the intranet pass through the firewall, which examines each message and
blocks those that do not meet the specified security criteria.
16. Gateway. A node on a network that serves as an entrance route to another
network. In internet connection sharing networks, the gateway is the computer
or device, which routes the traffic from a workstation to the outside network
that is serving the Web pages. Typically the router or switch works as the
gateway.
17. HTML. Hyper text Markup Language is the predominant language for
creating web pages. HTML elements are the basic building-blocks of WebPages.
They manage the tags which contains the web page items (e.g. text, animation,
audio, video etc) .The browser shows us the webpage after converting it from
HTML.
NETWORK TERMINOLOGIES-Lesson 3
18. HTTP. Hyper text Transfer Protocol, the
basic protocol used by the World Wide Web. HTTP defines how messages are
formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should
take in response to various commands. For example, when you enter a URL (e.g.
www.yahoo.com in your browser, this
actually sends an HTTP command to the Web server of Yahoo, directing it to fetch and transmit the requested
Web page on your computer.
20. IP address. An identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/lP network.
Networks using the TCPIIP protocol route messages based on the IP address of
the destination. The format of an IP address is a 32-bit numeric address
written as four numbers separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255.
21. Link. Text or graphics on a Web page that lead you to other pages if you
click on them.
NETWORK TERMINOLOGIES-Lesson 4
24. Search engine. A program that searches documents located on the Internet
for key words or phrases entered by a person browsing the Net. It returns a
list of sites, related to the topic searched for. Google, Yahoo are examples of
sites that provide search engines.
25. Media
Access Control [MAC] Address . A MAC
address is a unique identifier the manufacturer attached to most forms of
networking equipment. e.g. Each NIC has a different MAC address. A MAC address
is usually present as 6 hexadecimal numbers separated by '-' or ':', such as
00-50-56-e5-25-55.
26. Packet. A packet is the unit of data that is routed between an
origin and a destination on the Internet or any other packet-switched network.
When any file (e-mail message, HTML file, Graphics Interchange Format file, Uniform
Resource Locator request etc) is sent from one place to another on the
Internet, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) layer of TCP/IP divides the
file into "chunks" of an efficient size for routing. Each of these
packets is separately numbered and includes the Internet address of the
destination. The individual packets for a given file may travel different
routes through the Internet. When they have all arrived, they are reassembled
into the original file (by the TCP layer at the receiving end).
27. Protocol. An agreed-upon format for transmitting data between two
devices. The protocol determines the type of error checking to be used, data
compression method (if any) and how the sending device will indicate that it
has finished sending a message and how the receiving device will indicate that
it has received a message.
NETWORK TERMINOLOGIES-Lesson 6
29. TCP/IP. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol; actually
a collection of methods used to connect servers on the Internet and to exchange
data. TCP/IP is a universal standard for connecting to the Net. TCP/IP uses
several protocols, the two main ones being TCP and IP.
30. URL. Uniform
Resource Locator. A Web address expressed in English that takes a browser
directly to a specific web page .e.g. (www.army.mil.bd or www.yahoo.com)
31. Website. A group of World Wide Web pages, including a home page with
links that lead to other pages at that site or on other sites. All the
information on a website is maintained by the authority that the site belongs
to. A “webmaster” or “Administrator” manages updates and maintains a website.
32. World Wide Web. Abbreviated as WWW commonly known as the “Web” ; is a system of
interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser,
one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other
multimedia and navigate between them via hyperlinks. However, the Internet and
the World Wide Web are not one and the same. The Internet is a global system of
interconnected computer networks. In contrast, the Web is one of the services
that run on the Internet. It is a collection of textual documents and other
resources, linked by hyperlinks and URLs, transmitted by web browsers and web
servers. In short, the Web can be thought of as an application
"running" on the Internet.
NETWORK TERMINOLOGIES-Lesson 7
34. WAP. A wireless access point
(WAP) is a device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network
using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or related standards. The WAP usually connects to a
router (via a wired network), and can relay data between the wireless devices
(such as computers or printers) and wired devices on the network. There are few
WLAN standards such as-802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n etc
Networking basics (2023) | What is a switch, router, gateway, subnet, gateway, firewall & DMZ
